颊颈连续曲线切口在颊癌联合根治术中的应用效果评价

目的 探讨并评估颊颈连续曲线切口在颊癌联合根治术中的应用效果。方法 收集2015年1月—2018年12月收治的颊癌患者87例,其中42例采用颊颈连续曲线切口（实验组）,45例采用传统颈部T形切口联合面颊切口（对照组）。评估术野暴露范围,对比2组切口长度、联合根治术所耗时长和术后颈部并发症发生率。随访时间7~43个月,采用改良温哥华瘢痕量表（Vancouver Scar Scale,VSS）及华盛顿大学生存质量问卷（University of Washington Quality of Life,UW-QOL）,对2组患者术后瘢痕及生存质量进行评估。采用SPSS 22.0软件包进行统计学分析。结果 实验组切口长度为（36.40±5.08）cm,显著小于对照组的（39.93±5.22）cm（P<0.05）;实验组联合根治术所耗时长短于对照组,颈部并发症发生率低于对照组;术后瘢痕评估及生存质量优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。2组手术术野显露范围,术后复发、转移率无显著差异。结论 颊颈连续曲线切口与传统切口相比,能获得良好的视野,联合根治耗时短,并能实现原发灶与颈淋巴清扫术整体切除以保证手术彻底性。具有切口短且美观、并发症少、术后生存质量好等优点,是值得推荐的一种颊癌联合根治手术切口。     

A survey of robotic surgery training curricula in general surgery residency programs: How close are we to a standardized curriculum?

Background

Robotic surgery is increasingly adopted into surgical practice, but it remains unclear what level of robotic training general surgery residents receive. The purpose of our study was to assess the variation in robotic surgery training amongst general surgery residency programs in the United States.

Topographic lymph node staging system shows prognostic superiority compared to the 8th edition of AJCC TNM in gastric cancer. A western monocentric experience

IntroductionThe current Tumor Node Metastasis staging system (TNM) for gastric cancer classifies the extent of lymph node metastasis based upon the number of lymph nodes involved. Choi et al. have recently proposed a new anatomical classification based upon the regionality of the involved nodes. This new classification seems to have a better predictive prognostic value than the traditional one. We investigated the prognostic role of the new anatomical based classification, reviewing our institutional gastric cancer database.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of 329 patients who underwent gastrectomy at our Institution from 2003 to 2017. We excluded from data analysis any patient with distant metastases at the time of first diagnosis and or surgery, pathology other than adenocarcinoma, lymphadenectomy less than D2, impossibility to identify location of lymph nodes (LNs) on pathological report and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The extent of D2 lymphadenectomy was defined according to Japanese Gastric Cancer Association criteria. LN metastasis were reclassified into three topographic groups (lesser, greater curvature, and extraperigastric nodes) and staged according to Choi. The new N stage was combined with the current pT according to the 8th edition of TNM and a new hybrid TNM stage was established. All patients were followed up until June 2019. The prognostic performance of the new stage and of the current anatomical numeric based system (TNM) was analyzed and assessed by the C-index, AIC and likelihood ratio χ² value.ResultsIn predicting both Overall Survival (OS) and Disease free Survival (DFS) the new N stage and the new TNM staging system had the highest C-index and likelihood ratio χ2 value and the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), showing a better accuracy and displaying a better prognostic performance.ConclusionsOur study is the first from the Western world to compare the new hybrid classification, based on the anatomical location of metastatic nodes, to the 8th of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging system. Our findings on a small, monocentric sample suggest that hybrid topographic lymph node staging system is more accurate than TNM.     

Does KRAS mutation status impact the risk of local recurrence after R1 vascular resection for colorectal liver metastasis? An observational cohort study

IntroductionR0 margin is the standard in the surgical treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Recently R1 surgery, at least that enabling CLM vessel-detachment (R1vasc), seems comparable to R0. As a possible background of that biologic factors could play some role. Among them, KRAS has been investigated in the present study.MethodsPatients who underwent curative surgery for CLM between 2008 and 2016 were identified. R0, R1vasc and parenchymal R1 (R1par; tumor exposure once dissected from the parenchyma) resections with known KRAS status were analyzed.ResultsOf 1000 resection areas in 340 patients, 654 (65%) R0, 98 (10%) R1vasc and 248 (25%) R1par. In mutated KRAS (mKRAS), local recurrence (LR) was similar between R0 and R1vasc (per-patient 4,8% vs. 2%, p = 0.628; per-area 2,1% vs. 1,9%, p = 0.940), while higher in R1par (per-patient 25,4% and per-area 19,5%; p < 0.001 for both). In wild-type KRAS (wtKRAS), R0 had less LR compared to R1vasc (per-patient 7,6% vs 14,6%, p = 0.335; per-area 3,1% vs 13,3%, p = 0.012) and R1par (per-patient 18,3%, p = 0.060; per-area 9,9%, p = 0.013). KRAS did not impact LR in R0 (per-patient 7,6% vs. 4,8%, p = 0.491; per-area 3,1% vs. 2,1%, p = 0.555), while wtKRAS R1par had less LR compared to mKRAS R1par (per-patient 18,3% vs 25,4%, p = 0.404; per-area 9,9% vs 19,5%, p = 0.048). Inversely, LR was increased in wtKRAS R1vasc compared to mKRAS R1vasc (per-patient 14,6% vs 2%, p = 0.043; per-area 13,3% vs 1,9%, p = 0.046).ConclusionKRAS status does not impact LR risk in R0 resection. Inversely, R1vasc vs R1par LR risk is reduced in mKRAS, and increased in wtKRAS. If confirmed these results are of note.     

Sex differences in clinico-pathologic characteristics and long-term survival among 17,192 surgically treated NSCLC patients: Nationwide population-based propensity score-matching study

IntroductionMore information is needed on gender differences in lung cancer surgery. Thus, we conducted a retrospective study on thoracic treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients between 2007 and 2020 in Poland. The aim was to characterize sex differences in survival after complete surgical resection and to compare postoperative complications between Polish men and women. The main aspects that were compared between women and men were as follows: type of surgery and postoperative staging, morbidity and mortality, thoracic surgery complications, comorbidities, and overall survival based on a univariate analysis including propensity score matching (PSM) and a multivariate analysis.Materials and MethodsData were collected retrospectively from the Polish Lung Cancer Study Group database. Patients who were surgically treated for NSCLC between 2007 and 2020 (n = 17,192) were included in the study.ResultsThe univariate analysis showed significantly better survival in women than in men. Women had better 5-year survival compared to men both for adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (66% vs. 53%, p < 0.0001 and 65% vs. 51%, p<0.0001%, respectively), for both smokers and non-smokers (65% vs. 52%, p < 0.0001 and 65% vs. 51%, p < 0.0001, respectively), all age groups, and all stages (IA1 to III B). In the PSM analysis, statistically significant differences in favor of women were found for lower lobectomy (67% vs. 50%, p < 0.0001) and upper lobectomy (67% vs. 56%, p < 0.0001). Overall, postoperative complications occurred in 33.1% of patients and were observed more often in men than in women (35.8% vs. 28.6%, p < 0.001).ConclusionsWomen with NSCLC who were treated surgically had a better long-term outcome compared to men, with no significant difference in disease severity. In addition to gender, the histological type, comorbidities, and type of surgery and surgical approach are also important.     

Tumor teratoide/rabdoide atípico con diferenciación tipo ganglioglioma: reporte de caso

BackgroundAtypical teratoide/rhabdoid tumor is a very rare and aggressive disease that primarily presents in pediatric patients. To the best of our knowledge, the initial presentation of this type of tumor with ganglioglioma-like differentiation is rare in the literature.Case reportWe present the case of a 9-month-old patient with left facial paralysis. An MRI revealed a lesion at the left cerebellopontine angle. Complete macroscopic surgical resection was performed. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry testing revealed an atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor with ganglioglioma-like differentiation.ConclusionsThis case report presents an atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor with initial gangligioma-like differentiation. This study adds to the data in the literature and promotes the study of this type of histogenesis. It lays a foundation for encouraging further studies to determine whether changes should be made to existing management protocols and, at the same time, determine whether there would be any variation with regard to disease prognosis.